Douglas Hofstadter I Am A Strange Loop Pdf Slideshow
He is the son of. Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15, 1945) is an American of whose research focuses on the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, artistic creation, literary translation, and discovery in mathematics and physics. Hofstadter's book, first published in 1979, won both the for general non-fiction and a (at that time called The American Book Award) for Science. His 2007 book won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology. Contents.
852 Notices of the AMs VoluMe 54, NuMber 7 Do Loops Explain Consciousness? Review of I Am a Strange Loop Martin Gardner I Am a Strange Loop Douglas Hofstadter. Hofstadter giving a presentation at the 2006 Singularity Summit. Hofstadter's 2007 book I Am a Strange Loop carries his vision of consciousness considerably.
Early life and education Hofstadter was born in, the son of -winning physicist and Nancy Givan Hofstadter. He grew up on the campus of, where his father was a professor, and he attended the in 1958–1959. He graduated with Distinction in from in 1965, and received his in from the in 1975, where his study of the energy levels of in a magnetic field led to his discovery of the known as the.
Academic career Since 1988, Hofstadter has been the College of Arts and Sciences Distinguished Professor of Cognitive Science and Comparative Literature at in Bloomington, where he directs the Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition which consists of himself and his graduate students, forming the 'Fluid Analogies Research Group' (FARG). He was initially appointed to the Indiana University's Computer Science Department faculty in 1977, and at that time he launched his research program in computer modeling of mental processes (which at that time he called 'artificial intelligence research', a label that he has since dropped in favor of 'cognitive science research').
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In 1984, he moved to the in Ann Arbor, where he was hired as a professor of psychology and was also appointed to the Walgreen Chair for the Study of Human Understanding. In 1988 he returned to Bloomington as 'College of Arts and Sciences Professor' in both cognitive science and computer science. He was also appointed adjunct professor of history and philosophy of science, philosophy, comparative literature, and psychology, but has said that his involvement with most of those departments is nominal.
In 1988 Hofstadter received the In Praise of Reason award, the 's highest honor. In April 2009 he was elected a Fellow of the and a member of the. In 2010 he was elected a member of the, Sweden. Hofstadter's many interests include music, visual art, the, and. Hofstadter giving a presentation at the 2006 At the University of Michigan and Indiana University, he co-authored, with, a computational model of 'high-level perception' – – and several other models of and, including the Tabletop project, co-developed with.
Hofstadter's doctoral student James Marshall subsequently extended the Copycat project under the name 'Metacat'. The Letter Spirit project, implemented by Gary McGraw and John Rehling, aims to model the act of artistic creativity by designing stylistically uniform 'gridfonts' (typefaces limited to a grid). Other more recent models include Phaeaco (implemented by Harry Foundalis) and SeqSee (Abhijit Mahabal), which model high-level perception and analogy-making in the microdomains of and number sequences, respectively, as well as George (Francisco Lara-Dammer), which models the processes of perception and discovery in triangle geometry. The pursuit of beauty has driven Hofstadter both inside and outside his professional work. He seeks beautiful mathematical patterns, beautiful explanations, beautiful typefaces, beautiful sonic patterns in poetry, etc.
Hofstadter has said of himself, 'I'm someone who has one foot in the world of humanities and arts, and the other foot in the world of science.' He has had several exhibitions of his artworks in various university art galleries. These shows have featured large collections of his gridfonts, his (pieces of calligraphy created with two readings, either of which is usually obtained from the other by rotating or reflecting the ambigram, but sometimes simply by 'oscillation', like the or the of ), and his 'Whirly Art' (music-inspired visual patterns realized using shapes based on various alphabets from India).
(Hofstadter invented the term 'ambigram' in 1984; many ambigrammists all over the world have since taken up the concept.) Hofstadter collects and studies cognitive errors (largely, but not solely, speech errors), 'bon mots' (spontaneous humorous quips), and analogies of all sorts, and his long-time observation of these diverse products of cognition, and his theories about the mechanisms that underlie them, have exerted a powerful influence on the architectures of the computational models developed by himself and FARG members. All FARG computational models share certain key principles, including:. that human thinking is carried out by thousands of independent small actions in parallel, biased by the concepts that are currently activated. that activation spreads from activated concepts to less activated 'neighbor concepts'. that there is a 'mental temperature' that regulates the degree of randomness in the parallel activity.
that promising avenues tend to be explored more rapidly than unpromising ones FARG models also have an overarching philosophy that all cognition is built from the making of analogies. The computational architectures that share these precepts are called 'active symbols' architectures. Hofstadter's thesis about consciousness, first expressed in ( GEB) but also present in several of his later books, is that it is an emergent consequence of seething lower-level activity in the brain. In GEB he draws an analogy between the social organization of a colony of ants and the mind seen as a coherent 'colony' of neurons.
In particular, Hofstadter claims that our sense of having (or being) an 'I' comes from the abstract pattern he terms a ', which is an abstract cousin of such concrete phenomena as and, and which Hofstadter has defined as 'a level-crossing feedback loop'. The prototypical example of this abstract notion is the self-referential structure at the core of. Hofstadter's 2007 book carries his vision of consciousness considerably further, including the idea that each human 'I' is distributed over numerous brains, rather than being limited to precisely one brain.
Hofstadter's writing is characterized by an intense interaction between form and content, as exemplified by the 20 dialogues in GEB, many of which simultaneously talk about and imitate strict musical forms used by Bach, such as canons and fugues. Most of Hofstadter's books feature some kind of structural alternation: in GEB between dialogues and chapters, in The Mind's I between selections and reflections, in Metamagical Themas between Chapters and Postscripts, and so forth.
Both in his writing and in his teaching, Hofstadter stresses the concrete, constantly using examples and analogies, and avoids the abstract. Typical of the courses he teaches is his seminar ' and Visualized', in which abstract mathematical ideas are rendered as concretely as possible. He puts great effort into making ideas clear and visual, and asserts that when he teaches, if his students do not understand something, it is never their fault but always his own. Hofstadter is passionate about languages. In addition to English, his mother tongue, he speaks French and Italian fluently (the language spoken at home with his children is Italian).
At various times in his life, he has studied (in descending order of level of fluency reached) German, Russian, Spanish, Swedish, Mandarin, Dutch, Polish, and Hindi. His love of sounds pushes him to strive to minimize, and ideally get rid of, any foreign accent. Is a long book devoted to language and translation, especially poetry translation, and one of its leitmotifs is a set of some 88 translations of 'Ma Mignonne', a highly constrained poem by 16th-century French poet.
In this book, Hofstadter jokingly describes himself as 'pilingual' (meaning that the sum total of the varying degrees of mastery of all the languages that he's studied comes to 3.14159.), as well as an 'oligoglot' (someone who speaks 'a few' languages). In 1999, the bicentennial year of Russian poet and writer, Hofstadter published a verse translation of Pushkin's classic novel-in-verse. Hofstadter has translated many other poems too (always respecting their formal constraints), and two novels (in prose): ( That Mad Ache) by French writer, and La Scoperta dell'Alba ( The Discovery of Dawn) by, the then head of the Partito Democratico in Italy. The Discovery of Dawn was published in 2007, and That Mad Ache was published in 2009, bound together with Hofstadter's essay Translator, Trader: An Essay on the Pleasantly Pervasive Paradoxes of Translation. Hofstadter's Law.
^ Hofstadter, Douglas R. I Am a Strange Loop. New York: Basic Books. ^ Hofstadter, Douglas Richard (1974). (PhD thesis).
University of Oregon. Hofstadter, D.
'Who shoves whom around inside the careenium? Or what is the meaning of the word?I??' 53 (2): 189–218. Past winners and finalists by category. The Pulitzer Prizes.
Retrieved 2012-03-17., New York Times. Retrieved 2012-03-07. 2013-04-05 at the. Events.latimes.com (1963-11-22).
Retrieved on 2013-10-06. at Bibliography Server. indexed by the bibliographic database, a service provided. (subscription required). Stanford News Service, August 17, 2007. ^ Hofstadter, Douglas (1976).
'Energy levels and wave functions of Bloch electrons in rational and irrational magnetic fields'. Physical Review B. 14 (6): 2239.
Retrieved 30 April 2016. IU pages as December 31, 2003, at the., (see on March 21, 2007) and as December 16, 2007, at the. 2004. ^ 1999. Shore, Lys Ann (1988).
'New Light on the New Age CSICOP's Chicago conference was the first to critically evaluate the New Age movement'. The Skeptical Inquirer. 13 (3): 226–235. Retrieved 30 April 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2016. Retrieved on 2013-10-06.
2003. Wired Magazine, November 1995. Review of Stanford lecture, Feb 2, 2006. October 13, 2007, at the. Hofstadter, Douglas, To Err is Human; to Study Error-making is Cognitive Science. Together with David Moser.
Michigan Quarterly Review, Vol. Hofstadter, Douglas R. Le Ton Beau de Marot. New York: Basic Books, 1997, pp. Hofstadter, Douglas R.
Le Ton Beau de Marot. New York: Basic Books, 1997, p.
The Center for Research on Concepts and Cognition. Retrieved 18 Feb 2014. Retrieved 2007-12-10., New York Times Magazine, April 1, 2007.
by Bruce Weber, February 19, 1996, New York Times. 'Will Spiritual Robots Replace Humanity By 2100?' , April 1, 2000 Note: as of 2007, videos seem to be missing.
'Moore's Law, Artificial Evolution, and the Fate of Humanity.' Forrest, et al. (eds.), Perspectives on Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems.
New York: Oxford University Press, 2003. 2006.
35 minute video, May 13, 2006. December 28, 2007, at the. 'Staring EMI Straight in the Eye—and Doing My Best Not to Flinch.' In David Cope, Virtual Music: Computer Synthesis of Musical Style, Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2001. – 1988 docudrama about the ideas of Douglas Hofstadter. by William Satire (alias Douglas R. Hofstadter), 1985 – a satirical piece, on the subject of sexist language.
Metamagical Themas, Douglas R. Hofstadter, Basic Books, New Yoork (1985), see preface, introduction, contents listing.
Spring 1996, Vol. X. Piano Music by Douglas Hofstadter (Audio CD), 2000. Hofstadter, Douglas R. I Am a Strange Loop, p. Basic Books, 2007. Hofstadter, Douglas R.
I Am a Strange Loop, Basic Books, 2007. 'No one knew what it was, but Molly wasn't able to understand language or to speak (nor is she to this day, and we never did find out why).' .
(August 2007). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. Retrieved 2007-12-10. 2012. CRCC Publications offline External links Wikiquote has quotations related to:.
I Am A Strange Loop Chapter Cliff Notes
– site dedicated to Hofstadter and his work. at Bibliography Server. by James Somers, November 2013 Issue. at Resonance Publications.
– bibliographic page with reviews of several of Hofstadter's books. – a short autobiography in the form of a.